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The United States is experiencing a significant surge in hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) cases, with reports indicating a sharp increase across eight states. Health experts estimate that up to one million cases could occur nationwide in 2025, a substantial rise from the typical 200,000 annual cases.
States such as Maryland, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Virginia, Ohio, Kansas, and West Virginia have reported significant increases in HFMD infections. Dr. Allison Agwu of Johns Hopkins University noted that Maryland's cases are four to five times higher than last year. Similarly, pediatricians in Kansas, Wisconsin, Tennessee, and Virginia have reported comparable spikes. According to Dr. Edith Bracho-Sanchez of Columbia University, this summer saw more HFMD cases than in the previous decade.
HFMD, caused by viruses in the enterovirus family, is highly contagious and spreads through respiratory droplets, saliva, stool, and contaminated surfaces. While it primarily affects children under five, older children and adults with weakened immune systems are also at risk. Symptoms often resemble a common cold, including fever and sore throat, followed by painful mouth sores and rashes on the hands and feet.
Despite its mild nature, the disease's rapid spread has raised alarms. Experts warn that the virus is "out of control," with some areas reporting up to five times more infections than previous years. In Virginia, the Department of Health has noted a significant increase in emergency department and urgent care visits for HFMD, with K-12 schools and childcare centers reporting the majority of outbreaks.
Currently, there is no vaccine for HFMD.